Systems and methods are provided herein relating to decoding and encoding. The virtual address is used to generate possible TLB index values for each of the supported page sizes of the MPS segment associated with the virtual address. Further, a new extent is set, at the position P1 so that the data recording is continued. If an error function is recognized, the master program initiates a reaction function. The switching circuit is coupled to a third terminal of the driving element and the second node of the storage capacitor. Each component triangular waveform may be subject to one or more waveshaping operations prior to being summed with the remaining component triangular waveforms.