A probe transmitting section in a packet receiving terminal sends a probe packet to a second radio channel at fixed intervals. A control is performed on preheating conditions for preheating an unfixed toner image on a recording medium, which unfixed toner image indicates a toner image transferred but not yet fixed, and a control is further performed such that an amount of toner attached to the recording medium at a coverage rate of 100% is 0. A first response time for the first ping is measured to determine a first level of Internet traffic on the first Web page. Also disclosed is a thermosetting composition that includes a reactant comprising functional groups, a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups first reactant, and a copolymer flow control agent that includes the copolymer composition as well as substrates coated with the thermosetting composition. A method for operating the charge pump stage is also disclosed. The recording layer may have either a mono-layer construction or a multi-layer construction containing a lower layer and an upper layer.