A wire bonding tool including a body portion terminating in a tip portion is provided. A plurality of conductive contacts are retained in the housing. 125-14 inches and comprise about 10-100% of the plant growth medium volume. Such a virtual distribution environment may be used to protect rights of various participants in electronic commerce and other electronic or electronic-facilitated transactions. These methods and materials can be used to induce an immune response against antigenic variants of mutable pathogens. Applying step applies predetermined voltages to the electrodes to change a tilt direction of the plate-like-shaped thin film member in accordance with the voltages applied to deflect the input light in an arbitrary direction.