A method to execute a shift in a powertrain including a plurality of torque generative devices rotatably connected through a first clutch includes operating the powertrain in a continuously variable operating range state, and monitoring a command to execute the shift including monitoring a target speed for a first torque generative device, and monitoring a command to disengage the first clutch. The compounds are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by nAChR ligands. An output selection unit selects and outputs the signal from the first delay unit in normal times, and when interference caused by an external flash has occurred, selects and outputs the corrected signal.