This invention provides an image processing apparatus which simplifies the circuit arrangement required for edge emphasis correction. A first housing body and a second housing body may be movably coupled together by way of a coupling mechanism such that the two housing bodies are reconfigurable between an open configuration and a closed configuration. A reverse grading layer grades the lattice constant back to match a desired lattice constant. Branch locating stent grafts having radio opaque edges are placed in a plurality of branch vessels branching from the located vessel. The method includes performing a pre-processing operation in which data of a character that is required to represent and animate the 2D character like a 3D character is prepared and stored and producing the character animation using the stored data. The optimization is based on estimation of a device structure that can utilizes one or more of the following factors: the low-pass characteristics of the projection system, the configuration of the illumination system, and the process window properties.