An image display apparatus comprises a line buffer unit which stores binary image data, the binary image data being divided into a plurality of line portion data, each line portion data having a fixed length. Where linearity and low power consumption are maintained for the amplifier by controllable shunting of an input signal amplitude and by providing a predetermined bias signal to the amplifier circuit in a precalibrated manner. The optical device may also be configured to generate an emission spectrum with multiple peaks. At least part of the cumene hydroperoxide from the oxidation effluent is cleaved to produce a cleavage effluent comprising phenol and acetone.