Methods of routing a non-IP multimedia subsystem message from a first user terminal that has telecommunications service provided by a first carrier to a second user terminal that has telecommunications service provided by a second carrier are provided. The remote control system includes a first driver installed on a first device connected with a terminal through universal serial bus and configured to perform USB communication with the terminal, and a second driver installed on a second device connected with the first device via a network and configured to communicate with the first driver via the network. Another embodiment of the invention is directed to an apparatus comprising an ADC having a nominal input voltage range, wherein the ADC is adapted to map an over-range input voltage that falls outside of the nominal input voltage range to an over-range digital output code.