Light scattering particles are added to the ink used for printing the cascading layer. Electroactive devices comprising said polymers, methods for preparing said polymers, and monomers for preparing said polymers are also disclosed. The predicted turn-on time defines approximately an amount of time to delay switching-off the secondary switching element after initially switching-on the secondary switching element, during an initial switching cycle of the secondary switching element. As well, the three-dimensional model can be optimized and an optimized three-dimensional model can be employed to affect process control in a feedbackforward manner, e.