The system and method provide for electrocardiogram analysis and optimization of patient-customized cardiopulmonary resuscitation and therapy delivery. Various apparatus permitting observation during tunneling and balloon dissection are disclosed. A first prism structure is at least arranged at a position corresponding to the inner area of the light-ray exiting surface. In some embodiments, modular coding schemes associated with the packet streams may be selected that further reduce the amount of necessary control information. and relative humidity of 60% in the absorption axis direction of the polarizer to a modulus of elasticity of the first protective film at 25\xb0 C.