Methods and apparatuses for frequency selectivity and frequency translation, and applications for such methods and apparatuses, are described herein. All of these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the invention. Herein, the chamber is structured with a vinyl chloride material having flexibility, and can withstand against internal pressure of at least 1. If the action parameter includes a PREVENT value and an existing index is redundant in view of the new index and the new index is not redundant in view of the existing index, the existing index is deleted and the new index is created. In particular, a plasma or serum separation membrane being a membrane for separation of plasma or serum from blood and having a void ratio of 30% or below; and a filter apparatus comprising a filter member capable of attaining movement of plasma swifter than movement of blood cells and a plasma or serum separation membrane connected in series with a rear side of the filter member. When the first time ends, the second time generator determines a second time by discharging to the second capacitor.