Systems, catalysts, and methods are provided for transforming carbon based material into synthetic mixed alcohol fuel. Reflected light caused by reflection of the laser beam at a second layer of the optical disc is converted into a sub signal. The sensing layer may sensitive to one or both of the operating characteristics. In such low gas pressure environments typical for plasma-based processes, the heat removal from the wafersubstrate by gaseous conduction may be inadequate to meet requirements. When power is supplied to the coil 120 based on a signal from a sensor, an attractor 140 separates the plunger 170 from the valve seat 180 and allows the refrigerant to be discharged to the atmosphere.