A keypad fastening apparatus for a portable terminal includes: a housing; a keypad positioned on the housing; and a fastening arrangement configured to fasten the keypad to the housing, the fastening arrangement being positioned along the periphery of the keypad. A linking unit generates an appropriate direct addressing branch instruction by judging whether an instruction set used at a branch source and an instruction set used at a branch destination are the same. A second substrate faces the first substrate, a second alignment layer is over the second substrate, and a second ferroelectric liquid crystal layer is over the second alignment layer.