A measuring device for quantitative determination of optical characteristic values for detecting photo- andor electrochemical decomposition reactions taking place on surfaces of photocatalytically active substrates. The back frame further includes a cable protection structure and the cable protection structure receives a flexible circuit board or a cable. 5 to 5 weight percent of a water-dispersible binder material covering less than half the surfaces of the filaments. A control system including an electronic control unit and sensors are provided to control actuation of the clutches so as to control the side-to-side traction characteristics of the drive axle assembly. Thus, the formation of the passivation layer takes place by the blending andor mixing of an adhesive with a passivating substance and subsequently applying the adhesive, or by roughening a region using a blast-cutting manufacturing method with corundum particles being employed as the blasting medium. In the communication receiver architectures, differential encoders and decoders are presented to resolve possible ambiguities.