The invention relates to pigment dispersants of the formula, and to pigment preparations including at least one organic pigment and at least one pigment disperant of the formula : wherein Q1, R1, R2, E+, G+, s and n are defined in the specification. With dual feedback, an inner feedback loop is closed around the first amplifier stage, which stage is configured as a current feedback amplifier. The first adjustable connector has arc-shaped slots extending through the top and bottom surfaces at the first end. The light output can then be converted to electronic form for further processing. The access transistors are described as fabricated as a single vertical pillar. The process further includes hydroprocessing the oil to remove deleterious compounds, to produce high quality reusable lubricants, solvents and fuels and to improve the quality of water byproduct.