Disclosed are a piezoelectric element in which crystallinity of a piezoelectric layer is improved, and which has uniform characteristics of the piezoelectric layer, a liquid-jet head using the piezoelectric element as well as a liquid-jet apparatus. Moreover, an apparatus and a method are described, by which frequency resources in at least one network section are allocated andor de-allocated, priorities of frequency resources are defined for at least one network operating entity individually, and allocating andor de-allocating of the frequency resources for the at least one network operating entity is performed based on the priorities. In one aspect, a hanger is carried on the encircling member for movably coupling the encircling member and the gazing globe to a fixed support surface. A command message is received, by the set-top box, over the communication channel. The phantom for diffusion tensor imaging includes: an outer container providing a space; materials for diffusion measurement located in the space of the outer container and formed of bunches of microtubes; and materials for fixing located in the space of the outer container to fix the materials for diffusion measurement to a specific location.