A photovoltaic device and method include a substrate, a conductive layer formed on the substrate and an absorber layer formed on the conductive layer from a Cu\u2014Zn\u2014Sn containing chalcogenide material. The display section displays a printing target image as a preview. The second-level power gating controller identifies idle sequences of a predetermined set of cycles within the events from each unit where the unit is idle. The pipe and the opening are configured so that the volume velocity is substantially constant along the length of the pipe. The delivery recipient client 3 accesses the web page and refers to a list of products to be delivered to him or herself. The compositions of the invention exhibit reduced rates of degradation of the active material in solution and are less drying and irritating to sensitive skin.