Disclosed are water treatment systems and methods that are characterized by reduced leaching of color-bearing material into effluent water. The first step includes transferring photo charges in a delay register into a first readout register, transferring photo charges in a first storage register into the delay register, and transferring photo charges in a second storage register into a second readout register. The electrostatic particle removal system may include an induction layer configured to induce a charge to a particle located between the glass layer and the electrostatic particle removal system, a field grid layer configured to provide an electric field for moving the charged particle, and a collector configured to collect the charged particle moved by the electric field.