1460768160-622f1591-93cb-4c0b-9e3c-e183e07aa0fe

A level detector within a back-bias voltage generator includes a toggling unit and a temperature detector. The integrated circuit device is connected to a first power supply, a second power supply that continuously provides power, and a third power supply that halts power supply during the powerdown mode. The creation of the nucleation sites may include implanting ions with an energy and a dose selected to provide a controllable distribution of the nucleation sites across the surface of the substrate.