A telephony service device has a digital interface, an analog telephone line interface, and circuitry operable to provide telephone service over the analog telephone line interface via a network connection to the digital interface. A subject is exposed to an alteration in a sound pattern otherwise qualitatively similar to the subject’s tinnitus and a startle reflex is induced. Methods are disclosed that utilized these ultraviolet radiation-regulated molecules as markers for ultraviolet radiation exposure. Clock recovery can include determining the phase offset value depending on a rounded phase rotation counter value. The system may aggregate, in response to determining that the trigger is satisfied, content of different types to form multimedia content and provide the multimedia content to the first user. Near-field communication is performed with a non-contact communication apparatus installed in each place by means of the low-power-output transmissionreceiving section of a mobile phone to acquire, from the non-contact communication apparatus, information about the place where it is installed.