This invention provides novel methods for monitoring urine for type II collagen fragment using a combination of a capture antibody and a detection antibody, such that type II collagen is distinguished from other collagen fragments. The systems and methods may include scrape away functionality. The outer layer liner is formed as a metal tube. This catalyst can produce an organic compound with a high selectivity in a high yield as a result of, for example, an addition or substitution reaction under mild conditions. The correspondence is established with at the timing of, for example, destaging data from a cache memory.