The conventional free layer in a CPP GMR or TMR read head has been replaced by a tri-layer laminate comprising Co rich CoFe, moderately Fe rich NiFe, and heavily Fe rich NiFe. The input splitter splits an input signal comprising symbols to yield a number of signals. The first link is preferably an inner link located closer to the frame than the second link. The cavitating agent in the base layer may be calcium carbonate. A method of controlling rotation of a work and turning of a tool at a time to form a screw tooth space based on a five-axis NC machine, and a special end mill having a cutting edge of a short length and a neck portion provided between the cutting edge and a shank portion to be made thin is used to perform working in grooves side finish working process. The dynamically defined region of uncertainty can express the statistical confidence of the authentication results.