The present invention is affinity particles that are characterized by having phosphorylcholine groups represented by the following formula covalently bonded onto the surface of inorganic powder and also by having ligands having specific affinity with a certain target substance covalently bonded or adsorbed onto the surface of inorganic powder. Broadly, I-Probe can be divided in 2 distinct workflows\u20141. A method of producing the inorganic-organic composite nano-beads. If the directional buttons are actuated, the page can be panned around the display screen, while the mouse cursor remains stationary.