A bone screw is described which includes a one-piece threaded screw body composed at least partially of a rigid foam. A substrate is provided having a memory array thereon. Each signal component is received by a predistortion subsystem which applies a predistortion modification to the component. The non-compacted powder mass is processed into a gas turbine disk, typically by compacting the non-compacted powder mass to form a compacted powder mass, and thereafter heat treating the compacted powder mass.