According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV431223. A printed central axis bisecting the rectangular interior surface and at least one compass rose arranged to have its NorthSouth ordinal points to lie upon the printed central axis thus to allow the user to maintain orientation of the plotter on the chart. Methods for stabilizing photoluminescence of photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles are also disclosed. In addition, methods are provided to provide a variety of different types of carbonaceous products. The notch openings on the legs of the second side are oriented opposite the notch openings on the legs of the first side. Novel ADAM compounds, their pharmaceutical formulations and a method of using same to treat viral infections are described.