A novel FLASH-based EEPROM cell, decoder, and layout scheme are disclosed to eliminate the area-consuming divided triple-well in cell array and allows byte-erase and byte-program for high PE cycles. The shape of an inside or outside corner of a construction, such as a wall construction, is obtained with the tool, and the tool is used to as a guide to set the blade of the cutting apparatus to the proper cutting position. Under the direction of a control circuit, the passgates pass selected rising edges of the true clock signal, and selected falling edges of the complement clock signal, to an output clock terminal of the DFS circuit. Diagnostic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided. In addition, the apparatus receives a first scheduling signal from the second wireless device in a scheduling resource.