A transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus that minimize a buffer’s size without increasing the volume of data to memorize in the receiving apparatus. This is preferably accomplished by using programmable non-volatile memory elements to control the replacement circuitry. , a novel aromatic amine derivative having a specific structure. A spacing changing unit detects and changes a spacing between the surface of the object and the machining electrode. Similarly, the capacitor patterns are opposite to the increased width portions of the inductor patterns, and define the capacitor. In an embodiment, the present invention is a multimode optical fiber optimized for multi-wavelength transmission in communication systems utilizing VCSEL transceivers, where the MMF has a bandwidth designed to maximize channel reach for multiple wavelengths, andor where the MMF minimizes for wavelength dependent optical power penalties at one or more wavelength.