There is provided a data receiving device including a reception controller and a read controller. In the present invention, an attribute-information storage means for an associated-IC-card application is provided in a first IC card for storing attribute information of the IC-card application of a second IC card, and the list of selectable IC-card applications is displayed based on the reliance relation predicated on attribute information and the selection by users can be accepted. The valve unit also includes heat generation particles, which are dispersed in the phase transition material and generate heat upon an application of electromagnetic wave energy. Access to the actual hard disk may be allowed. In response to detecting the item, the metadata in the first repository form is converted into a second repository form. An image corresponding to a profile whose similarity is within a reference value is displayed.