An electrochemical cell comprises an electrode stack, a jacket which encloses the electrode stack to at least some extent, and at least one current collector which extends away from the jacket and is in current-carrying contact with at least parts of the electrode stack. The medical device comprises a diaphragm contacting part adapted to be placed in contact with the thoracic diaphragm and thereby assist in the maintaining of the opening created in the thoracic diaphragm. A cooling fluid barrier is provided at an end of the core between the face sheets to prevent cooling fluid from entering the core during the welding process, where the cooling barrier can be a micro-truss structure and can include cooling fluid channels. If a particular signal to be simulated additionally needs to travel a particular distance such that it would experience a time delay, that time delay may also be incorporated into the jitter equation as a phase shift. The joint controller is operated by a set of formal controlling parameters assigned to the controlling entities.