A visual means of an endoscope comprising at least one optical system or composite optical system arranged at a front area of the endoscope. The system includes a distributed hypermedia resource network having a plurality of hypermedia resources residing on one or more remote information nodes. The cartilage map can be correlated to a movement pattern of the joint to assess the affect of movement on cartilage wear. The user is authenticated using the inputted finger print. Stoichiometric PbTiO3 thin films with excellent uniformity can be deposited on substrates by ALD growth using, for example, Ph4Pb, O3, Ti4 and H2O as precursors at 250 and 300\xb0 C. In a preferred embodiment, a lighting element and filter are attached to the distal end of a handle so that fluorescence by the bodily tissue can be directly observed by the filter in various configurations.