A spatial CAM forward conversion unit forward-converts XYZ data of the input side into JCh data based on input viewing condition parameters including parameters, which are used to determine field sizes of an input image based on the viewing angle. A molding compound is disposed on the first side of the first package and between the first package and the second package. Devices of the invention include one or more features that can enhance performance of the fluid transfer, referred to as a pre-shooter stop, a butterfly structure, a cascade structure, a waste chamber inlet, a capillary driven sample inlet chamber, a capillary stop structure, a bifurcation flow-through structure, and a hydrophobic vent. The comparator is used to compare the detecting voltage with a reference voltage and generate a compared signal.