An exemplary aspect of the invention is a light receiving element comprising a substrate, a light receiver absorbing light on a surface of the substrate, and a reflector reflecting the light incoming from a side of the substrate to the light receiver, wherein a reflecting surface of the reflector is inclined toward the side of the substrate in a section parallel to the surface of the substrate. The substrate processing apparatus is an apparatus that processes a substrate while rotating the substrate, with a place surface of the substrate being oriented in a horizontal direction. A request for a step certificate includes a media identifier, a media key block, an object identifier, a requester entity type, and a requester identity certificate. The EXE cluster of the IC comprises signal event uops to generate fault information and fused uJump uops to specify combination of branch prediction, direction, and resolution in any portion of the test.