The invention discloses the use of a number of saponins and sapogenins, notably those of steroidal structure, in the treatment of cognitive disfunction and similar conditions. Methods of producing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene from a carbon source based on the synthesis scheme are also provided. The container can be compartmentalized to reduce the loss of regolith should from the container if a single compartment is penetrated. In another aspect of the invention, microinjection devices are provided for delivering a serotonin receptor antagonist formulation to a subject.