A method for the transient transformation of a living biological cell having an intact cell membrane defining an intracellular domain, and an apparatus for the transient transformation of biological cells. Methods of immunizing an avian species against Marek’s disease, infectious laryngotracheitis and Newcastle disease are also provided. Reads and writes may be performed on either a row or column basis. The emulsifier combination includes one or more non-ionic polyethoxylated emulsifiers selected from ethoxylated fatty alcohols containing between 8 and 22 carbon atoms, ethoxylated castor oil, or combinations thereof, and one or more polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight between 100 and 100,000 grams per mole. The arcuate head portion of the rivet base scoreline is contiguous with the radius of curvature. Users may access the IP library management system through a global computer network such as the Internet.