This application relates to an apparatus and method for treating effluent. This present invention stabilizes the flatband voltages and the threshold voltages by introducing a rare earth metal-containing layer into the material stack that introduces, via electronegativity differences, a shift in the threshold voltage to the desired voltage. The slots all surrounded with bristles having bridges in the center of the brush head. Optionally, additional instructions may be generated for a video encoder. The present invention alerts the pilot to operations on closed runways with appropriate and non-misleading information, thus allowing the pilot to make better decisions.