A band gap engineered, charge trapping memory cell includes a charge trapping element that is separated from a gate by a blocking layer of metal doped silicon oxide material having a medium dielectric constant, such as aluminum doped silicon oxide, and separated from the semiconductor body including the channel by an engineered tunneling dielectric. More particularly, the component is formed of a sheet of a compressed mass of expanded graphite particles. Also, if the interference occurs within a carrier, the carrier is usable as long as the removed frequency channels are considerably narrower than the carrier. A common source region is formed in the portion of the active region between the first and second word lines. Pulmonary disorders that may be treated by these methods and formulations include respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, and chronic bronchitis. The base station applies one or more cost functions to the link quality data and selects a relay node from the multiple relay nodes for network coding of data from a group of the user terminals based on results of the one or more cost functions.