An electrical energy storage device includes a microchannel plate having channels formed therein, the channels having surface areas. Each of the blades includes a windward surface and a leeward surface. For a single level cell type, each cell is individually removed from the programming pulses after reaching a first read current threshold, and the step value is increased for one or more kicker pulses thereafter. 83 \u03bb for light having a wavelength \u03bb of 555 nm. The exit trough may also include an exit cover having a cover plate and a pivot plate hingedly mounted thereto for easy access to the trough. The split-path linear regulator is configured so that current flowing in the current sense path is a lower, scaled version of the current flowing in the main current path.