The present invention relates to promoters, enhancers and other regulatory elements that direct expression within SMC, comprising nucleotide sequences from the 5 regulatory region and the first intron, and transcriptionally active fragments thereof, that control expression of an SM -A. The system responds quickly to an acceleration request while limiting unpleasant deceleration sensations. The present invention first forms a precursor which, in one embodiment, has the tines extending radially outwardly from the annular body and then forms the clip by inverting the precursor such that the tines extend radially inwardly. Catalyst clusters or films bonded on the collector surface transfer the hot electrons to or from the catalyst surface having adsorbed reactants.