An electrochromic mirror reflective element suitable for use in an exterior rearview mirror assembly of a vehicle includes a front substrate and a rear substrate and an electrochromic medium disposed therebetween. Gesture recognition methods, apparatus and system are disclosed from which application developers can incorporate gesture-to-character inputs into their gaming, learning or the like applications. A loop can use the effective SNR to control a time reference used by an OFDM decoder. The outer needle valve member is a piece component that includes at least one external guide surface, an external value surface and an internal valve seat.