An inkjet recording element comprising a porous ink-receiving layer having interconnecting voids is disclosed in which an upper surface of the ink-receiving layer has been subjected to plasma treatment, and wherein the upper surface of the ink-receiving layer, prior to the plasma treatment, has a measured carbon elemental content of at least 40 percent. The method includes determining if two signals or more signals with the same pseudorandom number bit sequence are detected by a GPS receiver. A layer of polymer electrolyte envelopes both layers of electrode material and one of the pair of edges of the current collector sheet, thereby encapsulating the one edge of the current collector sheet while leaving exposed the other edge of the current collector sheet. When not active, the cholesteric display layer is rendered transparent. Further, a rectangular wave within the high voltage application period has a plurality of pulses having periods shorter than the rise time \u03c4ON. In one embodiment the small blood vessel is an intracranial blood vessel.