An image-photographing apparatus and method comprises a camera unit for capturing an image, a body in which the camera unit is disposed, a display panel for displaying the image, and a hinge unit connected to the display panel, for allowing the display unit to selectively turn to one of both side directions which are symmetrical with reference to the body. The memory system comprises a memory hub device integrated in the memory module and a set of memory devices coupled to the memory hub device. Indicator device responsive to the risk estimate indicates the risk of injury, or alternatively the risk of failure to incapacitate, and warns the user of the apparatus when the risk exceeds a predetermined threshold. The goal value may also be expressed as a location within a spreadsheet.