1459895483-c00b6760-4b02-4d91-ae94-6fe8d22de3f7

A method of upscaling for reservoir simulation is disclosed, comprising: inverting a set of deep reading measurements constrained by upscaled multi-well data, and, in response to the inverting step, upscaling for reservoir simulation. Test data is concurrently written in more than one track on the disk and the data written to the more than one track is read to detect defects on the disk. The system employs an oxygen-extraction apparatus that supplies oxygen-depleted air inside an enclosed area communicating with the device. The tracking apparatus is moved within a specified proximity of a first location of the locations.