An electrical system to provide a continuous source of energy ACDC within a vehicle. In one embodiment, a method of forming a semiconductor chip includes forming an opening for a through substrate via from a top surface of a first substrate. Wherein the unitary membrane includes a formed fabric and has a thickness less than about 0. By eliminating the beam splitter and packing the light source and detector in closeness, dimensions of the optical device are reduced. Kits for administering the chemical agent to reduce the symptoms of peripheral vascular disease. A fibriform element as manufactured by the inventive process and a smoking article comprising such a fibriform element are also claimed.