Configuring chip IO terminals such that they may be input, output, or bi-directional terminals. The packet filter directs the requested network data from the cache to the mobile node by way of the foreign agent, without forwarding the requested network data to a home agent of the mobile node. The hydrogels may also be crosslinked via an interpenetrating network of a photopolymerizable acrylates. To optimize search for candidate transliteration rules, the transliteration engine may apply word-stemming strategies to process inflections indicated by affixes.