The invention relates to a padlock which is provided with a shackle. In addition, a Pseudo-8T NVSRAM cell with a shared Flash-based Charger between two adjacent 8T NVSRAM cells at top and bottom in cell layout is also disclosed to further reduce cell size by 20%. The communication is stored utilizing software configured to save a plurality of machine-readable identifier codes associated with the communication in the database. The bridge unit subjects a signal from the outdoor unit to spread spectrum modulation and transmits it by superposing the resulting signal on the power line. Thereby, an evacuation use sample chamber which performs a stable evacuation and keeps around a sample at a predetermined high vacuum and a circuit pattern forming apparatus which permits a highly accurate pattern drawing over the entire region of the sample are provided.