The measurement is carried out by a device of two non- dissociable measurement chains resulting in a continuous measurement which is representative of the total concentration of tars of a hot gas. The absorbing device is provided to absorb the reactive force when striking a ball and to damp and attenuate resonant vibration after striking a ball to prevent injury to the player’s wrist. The increment is selected such that the finger processors and symbol combiner of a rake receiver may be easily moved to the proper positions upon waking up from a sleep. The generation of the pre-distorted signal may comprise generation of a nonlinearly-distorted signal, and adjustment of one or more components of the nonlinearly-distorted signal. The device gateway provides an interface for at least one device to the global bus.