A portable device is equipped with a broadcasting operating mode in which the broadcasting portable device executes a verbatim memory data image copying to another device or plurality of devices equipped with receiving modes of operation. In a LUN-based mass storage device, a system or application may request and receive a lock on a particular LUN prior to storing a backup object on the LUN. Sensor units having temperaturehumidity sensors and ZigBee-compliant wireless transceivers are installed at plural indoor spots where the air conditioning loads are different from each other. An amount of gas is then introduced into the chamber which corresponds to a size of the partial ingot so as to provide a constant crystallization rate. The proton conducting material and the proton conducting membrane are formed by crosslinking the unit structure of a layered clay mineral, wherein a polyvalent metal ion is incorporated between layers of the layered clay mineral.