Disclosed are charging control methods for a rechargeable battery and portable computers. In one embodiment, a MEMS resonating device comprises a resonator element configured to provide timing; and at least one passive temperature compensation structure arranged on the resonator element. The structure can be made with multiple semiconductor materials such as silicon, poly-silicon, silicon dioxide, and silicon nitride, using one of many MEMS fabrication processes. The 3\xd7 generation adder circuit further operates at a reduced number of logic levels and speeds up the critical path by taking advantage of the repetition and fixed spatial separation of the bits for the adder inputs. A method of stabilizing soil including: mixing together soil, water and a crop plant biomass microorganism-expressed enzyme composition to form a mixture; causing the mixture to be shaped into a selected structure; and causing the structure to be compacted. Any participating application, from a mechanical lawn sprinkler to an Internet commerce server may be implemented thus.