A method for improving substrate alignment on a stepper comprises imposing predetermined corrections on each of a plurality of substrates, a different set of corrections for each substrate. The system is coupled, in one embodiment, to a communications link. The textile fastener components may be stud fastener components mounted on fabric portions and normally separated by resilient biasing means such as compressible foam material. The spherically-shaped body and adhesion surface form a building component for facilitating the construction of the snow manwoman. The plurality of openings are arranged periodically in a first direction in the metal film, and both a size of each of the plurality of openings and an interval thereof in the first direction are equal to or less than the wavelength of the light. In the progressive coding and decoding method, connectivity, geometry and photometry necessary for progressively coding 3D mesh data are constructed and then codeddecoded, thereby providing data resilience against errors.