A method of fabricating an integrated circuit can include forming a barrier layer along lateral side walls and a bottom of a via aperture, forming a seed layer proximate and conformal to the barrier layer, and forming an implanted layer proximate and conformal to the barrier layer and the seed layer. 3 to 100% ww of polyfunctional vinylic monomer and from 0. The biochip is fabricated on a low-cost plastic substrate using mass manufacturing compatible fabrication processes. The instrument allows the user to conveniently switch from writing on conventional media, for example paper, to inputting data in a personal digital assistant.