An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for improving a taste derived from Rubus suavissimus S. In the image pickup lens, following conditional expression is satisfied,ff4<\u22120. In some embodiments, a participant may be designated by a mouse click on a name representing the participant. In addition a distributed arbitration is included to allow each bus slave to be selected independently of the other bus slaves. The processor may determine at least one condition associated with a distribution of column values of at least one column in the histogram.